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Vervain

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Enw gwyddonol: Verbena officinalis
An introduced plant, vervain is widely naturalised in the UK. It is a great source of nectar for all kinds of insects and can be seen on rough grassland, waste ground, coastal cliffs and roadside verges.

Top facts

Stats

Height: up to 1m

Conservation status

Common.

Pryd i'w gweld

June to October

Ynghylch

Vervain, or verbena as it can be known, is native to South East Europe and was likely introduced here in Neolithic times, so has been long naturalised. It was widely cultivated as a medicinal herb in medieval gardens and has escaped often. It is a tall plant, with branching stems and clusters of small, purple flowers from June through to October. In the wild, it prefers chalky soils and can be seen on rough grassland, roadside verges, scrubby areas, coastal cliffs and waste ground.

What to look for

A tall plant with thin, branching stems, vervain has only a few oblong leaves. It displays clusters of tiny, purple flowers.

Where to find

Widespread in the south of the UK, scarcer in the north.

Roeddech chi yn gwybod?

Globally, there are around 250 species of verbena. Some species planted in gardens, such as Verbena bonariensis and Verbena rigida, are not native to Europe but are very useful plants providing nectar for butterflies, bees and other pollinators.